Fig. 5

Effects of IPG0521m treatment on tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cell, NK cells, and DCs. A UMAP projection of CD8⁺ T cells with 4 clusters. B The bubble plot shows the enrichment of distinct markers and CD8⁺ T cell-related signature genes of different CD8⁺ T cell subclusters. C Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of different CD8⁺ T cell subclusters using CytoTRACE analysis. D The proportional changes of CD8⁺ T cell subclusters in response to IPG0521m treatment. E The heat map indicating the changes of cytotoxicity-related gene expression in different CD8⁺ T cell subclusters in response to IPG0521m treatment. F-G Confirmation of the proportional changes in IFN-γ⁺ CD8⁺ T cells (F) and PD-1⁺ TIM3⁺ CD8⁺ T cells (G) by FCM analysis in response to IPG0521m treatment. H UMAP projection of NK cell clusters. I The bubble plot showing the enrichment of distinct markers and NK cell-related signature genes of different NK cell subclusters. J The heat map indicating changes of cytotoxicity-related gene and expression of anti-inflammatory genes in different NK cell subclusters in response to IPG0521m treatment. K The proportional changes of NK cell subclusters in response to IPG0521m treatment. L Confirmation of the proportional changes in perforin⁺ NK cells using FCM analysis in response to IPG0521m treatment. M Heat map showing the enrichment of pathways based on the QuSAGE of all DC subclusters. N The heat map showing the changes of gene expression related to different functions indicated in NK cells in response to IPG0521m treatment. Data were shown as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared to the control